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基于語義分割的矮化密植棗樹修剪枝識(shí)別與骨架提取
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新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2022D01C357)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31870347)


Method for Detection and Skeleton of Pruning Branch of Jujube TreeBased on Semantic Segmentation for Dormant Pruning
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    摘要:

    為了實(shí)現(xiàn)休眠期棗樹自動(dòng)選擇性剪枝作業(yè),,針對(duì)復(fù)雜樹形結(jié)構(gòu)修剪枝難以識(shí)別的問題,,研究了基于語義分割網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)自然場(chǎng)景中棗樹修剪枝識(shí)別與骨架提取,。通過RGB-D相機(jī)搭建的視覺系統(tǒng)獲取不同天氣情況下棗樹的點(diǎn)云信息,,根據(jù)距離閾值去除復(fù)雜的棗園背景,并構(gòu)建棗樹前景數(shù)據(jù)集,。利用DeepLabV3+和PSPNet 2種深度學(xué)習(xí)模型分割棗樹枝干同時(shí)獲取其修剪枝的掩膜,,并進(jìn)行結(jié)果對(duì)比。對(duì)修剪枝掩膜進(jìn)行二值化,,依據(jù)二值圖像的面積去除噪聲,,對(duì)去噪后的連通域標(biāo)記,并提取修剪枝骨架,,最終確定修剪枝數(shù)量,,建立修剪枝數(shù)量真實(shí)值與預(yù)測(cè)值之間的線性回歸模型。結(jié)果表明:基于ResNet-50特征提取網(wǎng)絡(luò)的DeepLabV3+模型識(shí)別結(jié)果最好,,平均像素準(zhǔn)確率(mPA),、平均交并比(mIoU)分別為89%和81.85%,其中棗樹主干,、修剪枝2個(gè)類別的像素準(zhǔn)確率(PA)和交并比(IoU)分別為90.36%,、80.98%和80.34%、66.69%,;在3種典型天氣(晴天,、陰天,、夜間)情況下,晴天棗樹枝干的mPA(91.97%)略高于陰天(91.81%)和夜間(90.98%),,同時(shí),,預(yù)測(cè)的修剪枝與真實(shí)值的R2(0.8699)也高于陰天(0.8373)和夜間(0.8120),并得到最小的RMSE為1.1618,。

    Abstract:

    Dormant pruning is a labor-intensive and time-consuming operation. It is an important part for the refined management of jujube orchard, which can control the tree structures by removing the over-long branches, thus decreasing the limbs density. Automated pruning using a robotic platform could be a better solution. To realize automatic selective pruning for dormant jujube tree, the segmentation of branch and trunk of tree was difficult in complex jujube orchard background. A method based on semantic segmentation network for branch recognition of jujube trees was studied in field. The visual system built by RGB-D camera was used to acquire the point cloud information of jujube trees under different weather conditions, and the background was removed by using the distance threshold for construction of foreground jujube tree datasets. Two kinds of semantic segmentation models, DeepLabV3+ and PSPNet, were utilized to segment branch and trunk of jujube tree and obtain the pruning branch mask, meanwhile the results of segmentation were compared. The mask of pruning branch was binarized, and the noise was removed based on the area of the connected domain of the binary image. The connected domain was labeled after denoising, and the branch skeleton was extracted. Finally, the number of pruning branch was determined, and the linear regression model for the real value and predicted value of the pruning number was established. The results showed that the DeepLabV3+ model based on ResNet-50 (feature extraction network) achieved the best segmentation results, and its average pixel classification accuracy and average intersection-over-union were 89% and 81.85%, respectively. The PA and IoU for trunk and pruning branch were 90.36%, 80.98% and 80.34%, 66.69%, respectively. The mean pixel accuracy for branch and trunk of jujube tree in sunny was 91.97%, which was slightly higher than that in cloudy (91.81%) and night (90.98%) under three typical weather conditions. Meanwhile, the R2 was 0.8699 between predicted values and real value in sunny, which was higher than that of cloudy day (0.8373) and night (0.8120), and the minimum RMSE (1.1618) was obtained.

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馬保建,鄢金山,王樂,蔣煥煜.基于語義分割的矮化密植棗樹修剪枝識(shí)別與骨架提取[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(8):313-319. MA Baojian, YAN Jinshan, WANG Le, JIANG Huanyu. Method for Detection and Skeleton of Pruning Branch of Jujube TreeBased on Semantic Segmentation for Dormant Pruning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(8):313-319.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-22
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