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基于AFD融合算法的運輸機器人路徑規(guī)劃方法
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國家自然科學基金項目(62263031)和新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)自然科學基金項目(2022D01C53)


Path Planning of Transportation Robots Based on AFD Fusion Algorithm
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    摘要:

    為提高運輸機器人在導航中的自主性和安全性,需要進行有效合理的路徑規(guī)劃。本研究提出了一種改進型AFD(A* Fuzzy-DWA)融合算法,以解決經典A*算法在運輸機器人路徑規(guī)劃中存在的問題,如搜索時間長、路徑冗余、拐點多且不平滑、動態(tài)避障能力不足等。該算法通過設計障礙率評價指標優(yōu)化評價函數以減少搜索時間和遍歷節(jié)點,進而設計Smooth Floyd方法簡化全局路徑,并采用圓內切平滑策略進一步優(yōu)化路徑,最后設計評價函數權重模糊推理方法提高局部路徑規(guī)劃效率,從而實現全面的路徑優(yōu)化。仿真實驗結果表明,與對比算法相比,AFD算法在靜態(tài)和動態(tài)環(huán)境下的全局及局部路徑長度和運行時間均顯著減小。實際場景驗證進一步證實了該算法在提升運輸機器人自主導航能力和安全性方面的有效性。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the autonomy and safety of the transport robot in navigation, it is necessary to plan the robot path reasonably to achieve the goal of optimal path and shortest time. For the problems of the classic A* algorithm in the process of path planning, such as long search time, redundant paths, many inflection points and unsmooth paths, and insufficient ability to avoid dynamic obstacles, an improved AFD (A* Fuzzy-DWA) fusion algorithm was proposed. Aiming at the problems of long search time and many traversal nodes in the planning path of the classical A* algorithm, the obstacle rate evaluation index was proposed to optimize the evaluation function. By calculating the proportion of obstacle grid in the global map grid, it was used as the weight of the evaluation function to reduce the number of nodes in the algorithm. Aiming at the problem of high redundancy of the path planned by the classical A* algorithm, the Smooth Floyd method was proposed according to the Floyd algorithm idea. Through the three times optimization of the initial path, the runnable path with less inflection points and small turning angles was obtained. Aiming at the problem of unsmooth path planning, the inner tangent smoothing strategy was used to optimize the path, and the turning angle in the path was optimized into an arc, which avoided the security threat caused by excessive turning and made the robot run more smoothly. In order to improve the efficiency of local path planning, the fuzzy reasoning method of evaluation function weight was proposed. By calculating the distance between the robot and the target point and the safety point, the evaluation function weight was dynamically adjusted according to the distance, so as to ensure that the robot could reach the predetermined point safely and timely. Experiments showed that compared with the comparison algorithm, the global and local path length of AFD algorithm in the static simulation environment was reduced by 6.6%, 6.9% and 3.3%, 2.7%, and the running time was shortened by 62.1%, 42.1% and 29.7%, 21.1%, respectively. In the dynamic simulation environment, the global and local path lengths were reduced by 11.4%, 7.8% and 8.3%, 4%, and the running time was shortened by 53.1%, 37.5% and 58.4%, 32.6%, respectively. The actual scenario verification further confirmed the effectiveness of the algorithm in improving the autonomous navigation ability and safety of transportation robots.

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袁杰,張迎港,加爾肯別克,張寧寧,劉超,謝霖偉.基于AFD融合算法的運輸機器人路徑規(guī)劃方法[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2025,56(6):594-607. YUAN Jie, ZHANG Yinggang, ERKENBIEKE Jia, ZHANG Ningning, LIU Chao, XIE Linwei. Path Planning of Transportation Robots Based on AFD Fusion Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(6):594-607.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-06-10
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