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丘陵山地果園動力底盤液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-27)、金華市科技計劃項目(2021-2-016)和河北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系蘋果創(chuàng)新團隊項目(HBCT2024150202)


Design and Test of Hydraulic System of Power Chassis for Hilly and Mountainous Orchards
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    摘要:

    針對丘陵山地果園勞動強度大、生產(chǎn)效率低、機械化程度低等問題,設(shè)計了一種液壓控制、機械傳動的丘陵山地果園動力底盤。首先對整機的液壓控制系統(tǒng)和傳動原理進行闡述;其次根據(jù)丘陵山地果園動力底盤的工作需求,對動力底盤的靜液壓傳動裝置(HST)、懸掛提升裝置、液壓驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)等關(guān)鍵部件進行設(shè)計和匹配選型,利用AMESim仿真軟件建立液壓系統(tǒng)模型,對液壓系統(tǒng)進行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和仿真分析,確定該系統(tǒng)馬達轉(zhuǎn)速為129r/min,馬達排量為35.2L/min;雙聯(lián)泵前泵、后泵排量分別為10mL/r和6mL/r,工作壓力為25MPa。最后進行整機性能試驗。整機性能試驗結(jié)果表明,動力底盤直線行駛偏移率為1.9%,滿足相應國家標準要求(≤6%)。整機行走速度為5km/h,最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑1.08m,最大爬坡角度27°,掛載機具最大提升角30°,后懸掛裝置響應速度為1s,動力底盤轉(zhuǎn)向性能良好,可適應丘陵山地果園狹窄的坡地作業(yè)環(huán)境。掛載旋耕機進行旋耕作業(yè)時,耕寬穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)和耕深穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)分別為98.9%和96.4%,滿足國家標準要求(≥85%)。丘陵山地果園履帶式底盤液壓控制系統(tǒng)符合山地果園履帶拖拉機的設(shè)計標準。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of high labor intensity, low production efficiency and low degree of mechanization in hilly and mountainous orchards, a power chassis for hilly and mountainous orchards with hydraulic control and mechanical transmission was designed. According to the working requirements of the power chassis of the hilly and mountainous orchards, the key components of the power chassis such as hydro static transmission (HST), suspension lifting device and hydraulic drive system were designed and matched, the hydraulic system model was established by using AMESim simulation software, the structural design and simulation analysis of the hydraulic system were carried out, and the motor speed of the system was determined to be 129r/min and the motor displacement was 35.2L/min, the displacement of the front and rear pumps of the duplex pump was 10mL/r and 6mL/r, respectively, and the working pressure was 25MPa. The performance test of the whole machine was carried out. The performance test results of the whole machine showed that the straight-line driving offset rate of the power chassis was 1.9%, which met the requirements of the corresponding national standard (≤6%). The walking speed of the whole machine was 5km/h, the minimum turning radius was 1.08m, the maximum climbing angle was 27°, the maximum lifting angle of the mounted tool was 30°, the response speed of the rear suspension device was 1s, and the steering performance of the power chassis was good, which can adapt to the narrow slope working environment of hilly and mountainous orchards. When the rotary tiller was mounted for rotary tillage operation, the stability coefficient of tillage width and tillage depth were 98.9% and 96.4%, respectively, which met the requirements of the national standard (≥85%). The hydraulic control system of the crawler chassis of hilly and mountainous orchards conformed to the design standards of crawler tractors for mountainous orchards, which can provide a reference for the development of power chassis for hilly and mountainous orchards.

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王鵬飛,伊家安,朱建錫,張印勇,楊欣.丘陵山地果園動力底盤液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2025,56(6):702-711,722. WANG Pengfei, YI Jiaan, ZHU Jianxi, ZHANG Yinyong, YANG Xin. Design and Test of Hydraulic System of Power Chassis for Hilly and Mountainous Orchards[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(6):702-711,722.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-06-10
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